Extracellular polymeric substances with high radical scavenging ability produced in outdoor cultivation of the thermotolerant chlorophyte Graesiella sp.

Abstract

The present study developed a two-step strategy to enhance the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) by a thermotolerant chlorophyte, Graesiella sp., in view to their industrial valorisation. In the first step, Graesiella sp. was grown in outdoor conditions in pilot-scale photobioreactors of 100 L culture volumes. In the second step, the biomass collected in the exponential growth phase was submitted to heat stress (50 °C). A joint production of biomass reaching 0.50 gdw L−1 day−1 and of EPS production reaching 1.30 gdw L−1 in 2 days was obtained. EPSs mainly contained polysaccharides (80%) and proteins (14%). FTIR and 1HNMR revealed the presence of primary amine and sulfated groups. The EPSs contained antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and APX) maintained in an active state by the microenvironment offered by the EPSs. The EPSs were found to have a potent antioxidant activity via directly scavenging free radicals when compared to l-ascorbic acid.