Solar photocatalytic destruction of p-nitrophenol: A pedagogical use of lab wastes

Abstract

In this article we propose the destruction of p-nitrophenol wastes obtained in a previous lab experiment, to generate a new lab experiment. The recommended destruction technique is solar TiO2-photocatalysis. When the effects of TiO2 and sunlight are tested separately, a slight decrease of p-nitrophenol is observed; but when TiO2 and sunlight are employed together p-nitrophenol disappears in 1 or 2 h. These experiments do not require sophisticated equipment or special lab training for the students. Groups of students tested different experimental conditions, such as the effect of different light intensities and sources (800-W UV-lamp, sunlight on sunny days, and sunlight on a cloudy day) or the addition of H2O2. p-Nitrophenol is degraded under the three light sources but at different rates. The addition of H2O2 to the TiO2-plus-sunlight system enhances p-nitrophenol degradation kinetics when compared with the TiO2 plus sunlight and H2O2 plus sunlight combinations.