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Title: | Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index | Authors: | García, Silvia Bouzas, Cristina Mateos, David Pastor, Rosario Álvarez, Laura Rubín, María Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel Salas-Salvadó, Jordi Corella, Dolores Goday, Albert Martínez, J. Alfredo Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M. Wärnberg, Julia Vioque, Jesús Romaguera, Dora Lopez-Miranda, José Estruch, Ramon Tinahones, Francisco J. Lapetra, José Serra Majem, Luis Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca Pintó, Xavier Gaforio, José J. Matía, Pilar Vidal, Josep Vázquez, Clotilde Daimiel, Lidia Ros, Emilio Bes-Rastrollo, Maira Guillem-Saiz, Patricia Nishi, Stephanie Cabanes, Robert Abete, Itziar Goicolea-Güemez, Leire Gómez-Gracia, Enrique Signes-Pastor, Antonio José Colom, Antoni García-Ríos, Antonio Castro-Barquero, Sara Fernández-García, Jose C. Santos-Lozano, José Manuel Vázquez, Zenaida Sorlí, José V. Pascual, Maria Castañer, Olga Zulet, Maria Angeles Vaquero-Luna, Jessica Basterra-Gortari, F. Javier Babio, Nancy Ciurana, Ramon Martín-Sánchez, Vicente Tur, Josep A. |
UNESCO Clasification: | 32 Ciencias médicas 3212 Salud pública 3206 Ciencias de la nutrición |
Keywords: | Carbon Dioxide Environment Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mediterranean Diet Sustainability, et al |
Issue Date: | 2023 | Journal: | Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source | Abstract: | Background: Research related to sustainable diets is is highly relevant to provide better understanding of the impact of dietary intake on the health and the environment. Aim: To assess the association between the adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and the amount of CO2 emitted in an older adult population. Design and population: Using a cross-sectional design, the association between the adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean Diet (erMedDiet) score and dietary CO2 emissions in 6646 participants was assessed. Methods: Food intake and adherence to the erMedDiet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and 17-item Mediterranean questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were documented. Environmental impact was calculated through greenhouse gas emissions estimations, specifically CO2 emissions of each participant diet per day, using a European database. Participants were distributed in quartiles according to their estimated CO2 emissions expressed in kg/day: Q1 (≤2.01 kg CO2), Q2 (2.02-2.34 kg CO2), Q3 (2.35-2.79 kg CO2) and Q4 (≥2.80 kg CO2). Results: More men than women induced higher dietary levels of CO2 emissions. Participants reporting higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole cereals, preferring white meat, and having less consumption of red meat were mostly emitting less kg of CO2 through diet. Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet showed lower odds for dietary CO2 emissions: Q2 (OR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-1.00), Q3 (OR 0.69; 95%CI: 0.69-0.79) and Q4 (OR 0.48; 95%CI: 0.42-0.55) vs Q1 (reference). Conclusions: The Mediterranean diet can be environmentally protective since the higher the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the lower total dietary CO2 emissions. Mediterranean Diet index may be used as a pollution level index. | URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10553/120004 | ISSN: | 1476-069X | DOI: | 10.1186/s12940-022-00956-7 | Source: | Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source [EISSN 1476-069X], v. 22:1, (Enero 2023) |
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