Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/48175
Title: Geographical and climatic factors and depression risk in the SUN project
Authors: Henríquez-Sánchez, Patricia 
Doreste-Alonso, Jorge 
Martínez González, Miguel Angel
Bes-Rastrollo, Maira
Gea, Alfredo
Sánchez-Villegas, Almudena 
UNESCO Clasification: 32 Ciencias médicas
3212 Salud pública
3211 Psiquiatría
61 Psicología
Keywords: Particulate Air-Pollution
Seasonal-Variation
Mediterranean Diet
Light Therapy
Prevalence, et al
Issue Date: 2014
Journal: European Journal of Public Health 
Abstract: Background: Depression incidence has been related with seasonal periodicity and climate. The aim of the study was to estimate the possible association between depression and specific meteorological factors, namely temperature, light and rain. Methods: In total, 13 938 participants from the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) cohort study were included in the analysis. Subjects were classified according to daily mean temperature, number of daylight hours and amount of rain, by year, at their geographical area of residence, data supplied by the Spanish Agency of Meteorology. Participants were considered as incident cases of depression whenever they reported a physician diagnosis of depression or the use of antidepressant medication in any of the follow-up questionnaires. Cox regression models were fit to assess the relationship between climatic and geographical factors and the incidence of depression. Results: Male subjects living in the south and centre areas of Spain showed a higher risk to develop depression compared with those living in the north area (hazard ratio = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.16-2.23 and hazard ratio = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.06-1.87, respectively). Moreover, among males, a direct association between the number of daily light hours and mean temperature and the risk of depression was also found. For men, living in rainy areas was associated with a lower risk of developing depression. Conclusion: Our results suggest that climate-depression relationship is more complex than previously thought, and strongly different between men and women.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/48175
ISSN: 1101-1262
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku008
Source: European Journal of Public Health[ISSN 1101-1262],v. 24, p. 626-631
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