Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/44791
Title: Trends in energy and nutrient intake and risk of inadequate intakes in Catalonia, Spain (1992-2003)
Authors: Serra-Majem, Lluís 
Ribas-Barba, Lourdes
Salvador, Gemma
Jover, Lluís
Raidó, Blanca
Ngo, Joy
Plasencia, Antoni
UNESCO Clasification: 32 Ciencias médicas
3206 Ciencias de la nutrición
Keywords: Dietary Recall Data
Spanish Population
Nutrition Survey
Food
Variance, et al
Issue Date: 2007
Journal: Public Health Nutrition 
Abstract: Objectives: To analyse trends in energy and nutrient intakes and nutritional adequacy from 1992 to 2003.Design: Two consecutive cross-sectional studies carried out on random samples of the Catalan population ENCAT 1992-93 and ENCAT 2002-03. Dietary intake was assessed by means of two 24-hour recalls on non-consecutive days. Spanish food consumption tables were used. Energy and nutrient data were adjusted for intraindividual variability, and the Spanish recommend nutrient intakes (RNIs) were used in the analysis.Setting: Catalonia region, North Eastern Spain.Subjects: Analysis is based on a total of 4701 individuals; 2641 from ENCAT 1992-93 (1210 men and 1431 women) and 2060 from ENCAT 2002-03 (954 men and 1106 women), aged 10-75 years.Results: No relevant changes in energy intake trends were observed, although a decrease was observed in the daily consumption of proteins (-7g), cholesterol (-56 mg), potassium (-245 mg), vitamin A (-283 RE mu g), retinoids (-71 mu g), carotenoids (-1520 mu g), niacin (-29 mg), folates (-15 mu g), vitamin B-12 (-1.6 mu g) vitamin D (-0.5 mu g), fibre and iron, and an increase in the consumption of calcium (+57 mg) and a slight increase in lipids and fatty acids (% energy). In general, the most outstanding trends were those of vitamin A (as a result of the decreased consumption of offal), proteins, vitamin D and B-12 (due to the decreased consumption of meat and fish) and calcium (as a consequence of the increased consumption of dairy products).Conclusion: No changes were observed in the energy intake of males or females; therefore, the obesity changes may possibly be attributed to changes in physical activity patterns. However, an increase in energy sources of a poorer nutritional profile has been identified, especially for between meal snacks.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/44791
ISSN: 1368-9800
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980007000961
Source: Public Health Nutrition [ISSN 1368-9800],v. 10, p. 1354-1367
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