Glucose Levels as a Key Indicator of Neonatal Viability in Small Animals: Insights from Dystocia Cases

Abstract

Neonatal mortality rates in small animals can reach alarming figures, with perinatal mortality ranging from 20% to 40%, primarily due to the abrupt transition from intrauterine to extrauterine environments. This study investigates the critical role of glucose levels in neonatal viability, particularly in cases of dystocia and fetal stress during cesarean sections. A cohort of 54 mothers and their 284 neonates was analyzed, focusing on maternal weight, litter size, and corresponding neonatal glucose levels. The results indicated a significant relationship between glucose concentrations and Apgar scores, with a cutoff established at 79.50 mg/dL for optimal neonatal viability. Additionally, a higher prevalence of hypoglycemia was documented in neonates with low birth weight and those from smaller litters. The findings underscore the importance of monitoring glucose levels in neonates, as hypoglycemia is associated with various pathologies, including sepsis and portosystemic shunts. Overall, this study highlights the necessity for prompt assessment of glucose levels to improve neonatal outcomes and reduce mortality in small animals.