Obesity and physical activity in children and youth: A review

Abstract

Until there is an advancement in gene therapy; detection and manipulation of genes involved in excess weigh among children, it is only realistic to pursue prevention activities. Multidisciplinary approaches in prevention of obesity are necessary for successful outcomes. One of the principal strategies is to modify the children's behaviour involves reducing sedentary habits and increasing PA levels. Both these behaviour changes are part of two major components of energy balance: energy expenditure and food intake. Data presented in this review suggests some of the most effective interventions to reduce the prevalence of obesity in children. Adding 3 hours per week of sport activities to the compulsory physical education courses in prepubertal children seems to be effective in reducing fat mass accumulation. It also had an effect on lean mass accretion during growth and improved physical fitness.