Impact of microplastics in Squalus megalops by-catches: first evidence from the eastern Atlantic

Abstract

This study examines the ingestion of microplastics by the bentho-pelagic elasmobranch Squalus megalops along the southeastern coast of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands), with the aim of assessing its level of exposure to marine plastic pollution. A total of 25 specimens were analyzed, of which 92% contained microplastic particles in their stomachs. Visual analyses revealed that most particles consisted of lines and fragments, with black, transparent, and blue being the most frequently observed colors. Micro-FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of both synthetic polymers (such as polyester and nylon) and semi-synthetic materials (including cellulose, rayon and azlon), indicating multiple potential sources of contamination, such as fishing gear and wastewater discharges. The oceanographic dynamics of the North Atlantic may contribute to the presence of microplastics in S. megalops. These findings represent the first known record of microplastic ingestion by S. megalops globally, as well as the first report of microplastic presence in elasmobranchs from this region of the Atlantic. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of reinforcing conservation efforts, particularly for understudied elasmobranch species within the Canary Islands archipelago.