Fracturas de tobillo en deportistas. Estudio epidemiológico

Abstract

The aim of this study is to describe and analyse, from a clinical and epidemiological point of view, the factors associated with ankle fractures caused by sports accidents and treated at the Hospital Universitario Insular of Gran Canaria between 1995 and 2005.The total number of ankle fractures recorded was 1233, with 90 (7.3%) being caused by sports accidents, most commonly occurring in winter. The highest number of fractures occurred in patients between 29 and 33 years of age (31.1%) and the predominant sex was male (96.7%). Football was by far the most common sport (72.2%).Three fractures were below the syndesmosis, 42 at the syndesmosis and 39 above the syndesmosis. There was a higher incidence of closed (97.8%) and unimalleolar (66.7%) ankle fractures, with the lateral malleolus being predominantly affected. 64.4% of patients had an associated injury with deltoid ligament rupture being the most common (60.3%). The mean hospitalisation time was 4.4 +/- 1.9 days.The treatment was mainly operative (93,3%) and the implant most frequently used for osteosynthesis were screws (54,8%). In 29.8% of patients performed suture of deltoid.The median time from admission to the Emergency Department until intervention was 6.7 hours. Hospital stay was significantly shorter (P<.001) in the patients that were operated on earlier.