On the subject of a case: Spontaneous internal jugular thrombosis in pregnant women undergoing fertility treatment

Abstract

The internal jugular vein thrombosis is an uncommon cause of deep vein thrombosis. There are risk factors such as pregnancy and ovulation induction with gonadotropins in patients undergoing fertility treatments, typically associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The case of a patient of 35 years with a history of endometriosis is described. She was pregnant after a single cycle of IVF with donor sperm by homosexual couples. He developed severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome requiring evacuadora culdocentesis, evolving favorably. In week 9 + 6 begins with pain and swelling in right lateral cervical, diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound thrombus at the level of the right jugular vein and proximal third of ipsilateral subclavian. Treatment was established with low molecular weight heparin with monitoring the levels of anti-factor Xa and performing a serial multidisciplinary follow. Pregnancy ended in week 37 + 2 producing a vaginal delivery. After delivery the patient should continue treatment with low molecular weight heparin and is recommended a study of thrombophilia. While pregnancy, postpartum and hormone treatment are described as predisposing factors for thrombotic events, it is rare that they are the only cause. However, if after hormone treatment, the patient develops ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome thromboprophylaxis should be maintained until the 12th week of gestation. In the presence of thrombosis during pregnancy after ovarian stimulation, especially if the location of it is atypical, it would be advisable to make an assessment of thrombophilia.