Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/42109
Title: Estimated exposure to EU regulated mycotoxins and risk characterization of aflatoxin-induced hepatic toxicity through the consumption of the toasted cereal flour called "gofio", a traditional food of the Canary Islands (Spain)
Authors: Luzardo, O. P. 
Bernal-Suárez, María del Mar
Camacho, Maria 
Henríquez-Hernández, Luis Alberto 
Boada, Luis D. 
Rial-Berriel, Cristian 
Almeida-González, M. 
Zumbado, Manuel 
Díaz-Díaz, Ricardo
UNESCO Clasification: 3214 Toxicología
3206 Ciencias de la nutrición
Keywords: Estimated dietary intake (EDI)
Gofio
Liver cancer
Mycotoxins
Risk characterization, et al
Issue Date: 2016
Journal: Food and Chemical Toxicology 
Abstract: "Gofio" is a type of flour made from toasted grain, which is part of the staple food in the Canary Islands, Spain, in which the occurrence of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2), Fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2) Ochratoxin A (OTA), Deoxynivalenol (DNV) and Zearalenone (ZEA) was evaluated. 83% of the samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin and 69.2% of the analyzed samples showed co-occurrence of mycotoxins (range 2 to 8). All the concentrations were well below the established limits (maximum values of AFs. =. 0.42 μg/kg; FBs. =. 178.3 μg/kg; OTA. =. 0.3 μg/kg; DON. =. 92.5 μg/kg; and ZEA. =. 9.9 μg/kg). The daily dietary exposure to total AFs was estimated to be 7.1% of the TDI. This value was almost double in children, and considering the upper-bound approach could reach 35% of the TDI. For the rest of mycotoxins, the consumers would be exposed to less than 2% of their TDIs. The risk characterization indicates that there is a potential risk in developing aflatoxin induced liver cancer due to gofio consumption in the subpopulation which is simultaneously exposed to other hepatocarcinogens, such as the hepatitis B virus.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10553/42109
ISSN: 0278-6915
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.04.022
Source: Food And Chemical Toxicology[ISSN 0278-6915],v. 93, p. 73-81
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