Understanding metal contamination in Anemonia sulcata: Effects of proximity to a submarine sewage pipe

Abstract

The study conducted in June 2022 collected 120 Anemonia sulcata samples from Punta del Hidalgo, Tenerife, Spain, focusing on areas near a sewage pipe. The samples underwent meticulous preparation, including tissue extraction, drying, and filtration, followed by metal concentration (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Li, Ni, Pb, and Zn) analysis using ICP-OES. Results showed varying metal concentrations across zones, with higher concentrations nearer to the pipe. PERMANOVA analysis revealed significant differences in metal concentrations between zones, indicating spatial variations. Environmental factors such as pipe proximity, transport contaminant, and dispersion influence on metal accumulation in A. sulcata. Previous studies corroborate these findings, highlighting the pipe's significant impact on intertidal organisms. Effective monitoring strategies combining direct organism sampling with water and sediment analysis are crucial for assessing and mitigating the environmental and ecological impacts of metal contamination. These findings underscore the necessity of ongoing monitoring efforts and management interventions to safeguard marine ecosystems from detrimental effects of anthropogenic activities such as an underwater sewage pipe.