Clinical status, quality of life, and work productivity in Crohn's disease patients after one year of treatment with adalimumab

Abstract

Objective: Clinical trials have shown the efficacy of adalimumab in Crohn’s disease, but the outcome in regular practice remains unknown. The aim of the study was to examine clinical status, quality of life, and work productivity of Crohn’s disease patients receiving adalimumab for one year in the context of usual clinical practice. Material and methods: This was a prospective, observational study with a one-year follow-up. After baseline, Crohn’s disease patients were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after starting treatment with adalimumab. Outcome variables included: clinical status (measured with CDAI), quality of life (measured with EuroQoL-5D and IBDQ), and work productivity (measured with WPAI questionnaire). These outcome variables were compared using the Student’s t test or Wilcoxon test for paired comparison data according to the data distribution. Statistical significance was set at two-sided p < 0.05. Results: The sample was composed of 126 patients (age [mean] 39.1 ± [standard deviation] 13.8 years; 51% male). Significant changes were observed during the follow-up period: CDAI decreased from [median] 194 ([25-75 percentiles] 121-269) to 48.2 (10.1-122.0) (p < 0.05); the EuroQoL-5D increased from 0.735 (0.633-0.790) to 0.797 (0.726-1.000) (p < 0.05); the EuroQoL-5D visual analogue scale increased from 50.0 (40-70) to 80.0 (60-90); (p < 0.05) and the IBDQ increased from 56.7 (51.6-61.5) to 67.5 (60.1-73.6) (p < 0.05). The total work productivity impact decreased from 53% to 24% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In regular practice, adalimumab is clinically effective in the treatment of Crohn’s disease patients and results in a significant improvement in quality of life and work productivity.