Retinal detachment in dogs: update on diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract

Retinal detachment is a relatively common ocular pathology in dogs. There are three types: rhegmatogenous, exudative, or tractional. Eyes affected by this condition range from asymptomatic to complete visual loss. Sometimes, it can be easily diagnosed through a thorough physical and ophthalmological examination, while in other cases, diagnostic methods such as ocular ultrasound, electroretinography, or OCT are necessary. Non-rhegmatogenous detachments are usually treated medically, while rhegmatogenous detachments are better resolved with surgical procedures. The most common surgery to resolve rhegmatogenous detachments in dogs is pars plana vitrectomy with perfluoro-n-octane (PFO)-silicone oil exchange (SiO) and laser retinopexy. The objective of this literature review is to compile the most updated scientific information on this condition, with special emphasis on advances in diagnosis and treatment. Scientifically rigorous articles and manuals focused on veterinary ophthalmology have been included.