Welfare perceptions among equine stakeholders in the Canary Islands

Abstract

Equine welfare has gained increasing attention in both scientific literature and public discussions, yet there is limited research on how it is perceived by equestrian enthusiasts in the Canary Islands. This study explored the perceptions, attitudes, and reported practices of equestrian stakeholders in the archipelago through an anonymous online survey. A total of 194 participants responded, representing a broad range of roles including riders, trainers, owners, and veterinarians. The questionnaire assessed participants’ knowledge in equine welfare needs, based in the Five Domain model, and gathered their perceptions on whether these needs are adequately met in the Canary Islands. In addition, participants were asked to evaluate whether equine welfare is prioritised in specific contexts, such as training, competitions, and weaning. Although most respondents demonstrated a solid understanding of basic welfare principles, they frequently reported that these are not consistently upheld in practice. Recurrent concerns included prolonged stabling, limited turnout, lack of socialisation, and restricted access to veterinary services. Furthermore, the breaking and training of young horses, beginner riding lessons, and asphalt races were identified as especially problematic. Respondents also expressed frustration at the lack of education and enforcement mechanisms. More than half had never received any formal welfare training, and there was a strong demand for mandatory education, independent audits, and regulatory sanctions. Despite the existence of official welfare documents like “The Horse’s Decalogue” from the regional federation, most participants felt that such principles were not reflected in everyday practice. This study highlights the gap between knowledge and implementation, and between institutional discourse and the lived realities of horses in the Canary Islands. It also raises questions about cultural norms, economic constraints, and the potential role of broader society in driving welfare reforms. Ultimately, these findings aim to contribute to a more compassionate, informed, and locally grounded approach to equine welfare in the region.