Analysis of reproductive disorders of infectious origin in a commercial pig farm of the Southeast of Gran Canaria

Abstract

Pig production is an economically significant activity worldwide, ranking second in the livestock sector after the beef industry, according to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) data. Gran Canaria also plays an essential role in meeting local demand and indirectly strengthening the local economy. Therefore, it is crucial to implement control and prevention measures, such as biosecurity, against the spread of infectious diseases, which is a current challenge faced by pig farmers, among others. In this study, our objectives were to identify the main bacterial pathogens linked to vulvar discharge in a local pig farm with a previous history of reproductive disorders, diagnose and control a Brucella suis outbreak, and to evaluate the presence of the primary reproductive pathogens, and to analyse the impact on reproductive parameters. The study was conducted on a pig farm in the southeast of Gran Canaria, specialized in breeding and intensive fattening of pigs in an open cycle, with a focus on hybrid white pigs and Black Canarian pigs. A prevalence rate of 6.7% for bacterial vulvar discharges, 14.61% for B. suis based on Rose Bengal test (RBT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT), and 8.9% for porcine parvovirus (PPV) was observed. Additionally, we calculated non-productive days (NPD) as an indicator of reproductive disorders, observing an average of 24 ± 24.052 days. We compared and discussed these results with other relevant studies. The spread of these pathogens causes significant problems, affecting not only the health and welfare of the animals but also leading to substantial economic losses. Hence, the concept of biosecurity is crucial in reducing the risks of infection on the farm and minimizing the costs associated with these diseases and to improve the welfare of the animal