Diagnostic Methods of the Old Maiden Mare

Abstract

Reproduction in mares can become very complex due to the multiple problems that can start showing after a certain number of years, such as cervical incompetence, chronic endometritis, endometrial degeneration, uterine hyperedema, which classify these mares in the syndrome of the "old maiden mare". For both the veterinarian and the owner it can be an exhausting struggle against the reproductive physiology, as well as involving a considerable loss of money. For this reason, a protocol must be followed before starting to breed mares in which the reproductive history is not known, carrying out diagnostic tests as a matter of protocol: palpation and rectal ultrasound, cytology, cultures and biopsies. Therefore, the veterinarian must be aware of the type of uterus and cervical conditions that will be present in each case and carry out the appropriate measures to achieve a diagnosis and a fertility rate. Many owners assume that the fertility rate of their mares is comparative with young virgin mares, which is far from the reality. Our duty to be aware of the signs of the old maiden mare syndrome and be able to start a proper management protocol as soon as possible, and thus communicate to the owner the mare's chances of pregnancy in order to avoid a substantial loss of money. These mares should be considered highly susceptible and managed accordingly.