Radiographic evaluation of bone infections versus primary or metastatic bone neoplasms. Literature review and clinical case.

Abstract

In order to work properly, the book by D. Thrall (2018) has mainly been taken as a reference and ispiration, in particular his chapter "Radiographic Features of Bone Tumors and Bone Infections in Dogs And Cats". The research has been expanded on different experimental elements of primary tumors, particular especially on osteosarcoma. With the purpose of extrapolate the significant differential characteristics between humans and dogs, reference has been made to the works of Bacci et al. (2008); Vanel, Blond, & Vanel (2013); Paoloni et al. (2009); Phillips et al. (2007); Marconato and Del Piero (2005); Selvarajah & Kirpensteijn (2010); Simpson et al. (2017). In order to highlight some recurrent features of osteosarcoma in dogs and cats, other articles by Moore and Ogilvie (2008) have been considered during the research; Belda et al. (2016); Farrow (2005). Furthermore, other works, as Talbot et al. (2005); Trost et al. (2012); Trost et al. (2014); Coleman et al. (2006); Edwards et al. (2008); Ehrhart et al. (2020) have been reviewed to explain the onset of a secondary tumor and the most frequent causes that can trigger it. Subsequently, studies conducted by Slunsky et al. (2017); Anderson (2016); IGNA et al. (2020); Elad (2011) Birchard and Sherding (2006); Patel et al. (2009); Concia et al. (2006); Siqueira et al. (2014); Slunsky et al. (2017); Rahal et al. 2003; Kerl (2003), have been examined to evaluate other common traits in both bacterial and fungal osteomyelitis. Finally, several radiological images have been collected to illustrate the main features found in both tumors and infections. These results turned out to be so similar that they can be confused during diagnosis, referring to the book by D. Thrall (2018) from his chapter "Principles of Radiographic Interpretation of the Appendicular Skeleton" along with other papers elaborated by Jobke and Werner (2016); Jones et al. (2020).