Optimisation Of A Microwave Assisted Extraction Procedure Combined With Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry For The Determination Of Tamoxifen And Cyclophosphamide In Fish Tissues

Abstract

A serious problem today is marine pollution caused by human activities. Part of this contamination is due to pollutants that come from wastewater treatment plants due to an ineffective treatment in the elimination of certain compounds (Montesdeoca-Esponda et al., 2018). Some of them are antineoplastic compounds, which are drugs used as treatments against cancer and can cause important adverse effects if they reach the environmental waters (Parrella et al., 2014). Antineoplastic compounds have been detected in hospital effluents, wastewater treatment plants influents and effluents, river and surface waters, and sludge (Santana-Viera et al., 2016). To date, no procedure has been optimized for the extraction of antineoplastic compounds from fish tissue. In this work, we optimised a procedure for the extraction and determination of Cyclophosphamide and Tamoxifen in fish tissues by using microwave assisted extraction with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The developed procedure was applied to the extraction and determination of these two compounds in muscle and liver tissues of to three different fish species of different levels of the trophic chain captured in the vicinity of three marine outfalls.