How physical activity affects the growth-nutrient-bone relationship

Abstract

The components necessary to guarantee adequate bone metabolic functions should be provided by food intake: calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, magnesium, proteins and fluor are some of the most important. These nutrients have different effects on bone mass. Additionally, exercise has been shown to elicit osteogenic response on bone development and it even seems to potentiate the effect of calcium supplementation on bone mass. However, the relationship nutrition-exercise-bone mass is complex and needs further in-depth investigation. Long-term bone structure and bone mass depend on bone metabolism; bone structure, mass and metabolism are also exercise and nutrition dependent. Biomarkers of bone metabolism may be useful providers of information on early bone health.